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中华神经创伤外科电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (01) : 28 -33. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2022.01.006

临床研究

颅内压监测下改良阶梯减压法结合去骨瓣减压治疗颅内高压的疗效分析
魏宜功1, 周焜1, 陈光唐2, 王诚1, 刘窗溪3,()   
  1. 1. 550081 贵阳市第二人民医院神经外科
    2. 550004 贵阳,贵州医科大学附属医院神经外科
    3. 550002 贵阳,贵州省人民医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-03 出版日期:2022-02-15
  • 通信作者: 刘窗溪
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金(gzwjkj2020-1-104)

Clinical analysis of modified stepwise decompression technique combined with decompressive craniectomy under intracranial pressure monitoring to treat high intracranial pressure

Yigong Wei1, Kun Zhou1, Guangtang Chen2, Cheng Wang1, Chuangxi Liu3,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang 550081, China
    2. Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
    3. Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
  • Received:2021-06-03 Published:2022-02-15
  • Corresponding author: Chuangxi Liu
引用本文:

魏宜功, 周焜, 陈光唐, 王诚, 刘窗溪. 颅内压监测下改良阶梯减压法结合去骨瓣减压治疗颅内高压的疗效分析[J]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2022, 08(01): 28-33.

Yigong Wei, Kun Zhou, Guangtang Chen, Cheng Wang, Chuangxi Liu. Clinical analysis of modified stepwise decompression technique combined with decompressive craniectomy under intracranial pressure monitoring to treat high intracranial pressure[J]. Chinese Journal of Neurotraumatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2022, 08(01): 28-33.

目的

探讨颅内压(ICP)监测下改良阶梯减压法结合去骨瓣减压术治疗颅内高压的临床疗效。

方法

回顾性分析贵阳市第二人民医院神经外科自2017年1月至2020年6月收治的312例各种病因导致颅内高压需行开颅去骨瓣减压术治疗患者的临床资料,根据患者术中是否采用改良阶梯减压术,将患者分为改良阶梯减压结合去骨瓣减压术组(改良组)和常规开颅去骨瓣减压术组(常规组),所有患者均在术中实时监测ICP,对比观察2组患者的术中ICP变化、术后并发症及预后情况。

结果

312例患者中,常规组154例,改良组158例,常规组术中剪开硬脑膜后ICP值急剧下降后反弹升高并趋于稳定,改良组术中ICP平缓下降后趋于稳定。2组患者的术中脑肿胀、脑膨出、迟发对侧血肿、术后GCS评分、瞳孔变化、并发症、术后6个月的GOS评分比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

ICP监测下改良阶梯减压法处理高颅压患者能有效控制ICP、减免术中脑膨出、减少迟发血肿形成,是一种安全、有效、可行的去骨瓣减压方法。

Objective

To explore the clinical effect of modified stepwise decompression technique combined with decompressive craniectomy under intracranial pressure monitoring in the treatment of high intracranial pressure.

Methods

A retrospective case-control study was used to analyze the clinical data of 312 patients with intracranial hypertension caused by various causes who needed decompressive craniotomy admitted to Neurosurgery Department of the Second People's Hospital of Guiyang from January 2017 to June 2020. The patients were divided into modified stepwise decompression combined with decompressive craniectomy group (improved group) and conventional decompressive craniotomy group (conventional group). All patients received real-time intracranial pressure monitoring during the operation. The changes of intraoperative intracranial pressure, postoperative complications and prognosis of the two groups were compared and analyzed.

Results

In the conventional group, intracranial pressure decreased sharply, rebounded and became stable after cutting the dura mater. In the modified group, intracranial pressure decreased gradually and stabilized. There were significant differences in intraoperative brain swelling, encephalocele, delayed contralateral hematoma, postoperative GCS score, pupil changes, complications and GOS score 6 months after operation between the two groups (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Modified stepwise decompression technique combined with decompressive craniectomy can effectively control intracranial pressure, reduce intraoperative encephalocele, and reduce the formation of delayed hematoma. It is a safe, effective and feasible method for decompressive craniectomy.

表1 2组患者的临床资料比较
图1 2组患者开颅术后颅内压变化图
表2 2组患者术中及术后情况比较[例(%)]
图2 闭合性颅脑损伤并脑疝患者术中图片A:开颅皮瓣及骨窗面积;B:去骨瓣后先颞极切除内减压,同时监测颅内压值,白色箭头示颅内压探头置入,黑色箭头示"T"型剪开颞部硬脑膜切除颞极内减压
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