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中华神经创伤外科电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (01) : 23 -27. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2022.01.005

临床研究

创伤性视神经损伤预后影响因素分析及视神经管骨折手术策略选择
王航1, 蔡亚宁1, 衡立君1, 葛顺楠1, 屈延1,()   
  1. 1. 710038 西安,空军军医大学第二附属医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-09 出版日期:2022-02-15
  • 通信作者: 屈延
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82130038)

Analysis of curative effect of traumatic optic nerve injury and selection of surgical strategy for optic canal fracture

Hang Wang1, Yaning Cai1, Lijun Heng1, Shunnan Ge1, Yan Qu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of PLA Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China
  • Received:2021-04-09 Published:2022-02-15
  • Corresponding author: Yan Qu
引用本文:

王航, 蔡亚宁, 衡立君, 葛顺楠, 屈延. 创伤性视神经损伤预后影响因素分析及视神经管骨折手术策略选择[J/OL]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2022, 08(01): 23-27.

Hang Wang, Yaning Cai, Lijun Heng, Shunnan Ge, Yan Qu. Analysis of curative effect of traumatic optic nerve injury and selection of surgical strategy for optic canal fracture[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Neurotraumatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2022, 08(01): 23-27.

目的

探讨视神经管减压术治疗创伤性视神经损伤(TON)的疗效,评估相关预后影响因素,并分析视神经管不同部位骨折手术策略选择。

方法

回顾性分析空军军医大学第二附属医院神经外科自2011年1月至2020年6月收治的58例TON后行视神经减压术患者的临床资料,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析评价预后的潜在影响因素。根据视神经管骨折位置的不同,选择开颅视神经减压术和经鼻内镜减压术评估不同术式对不同骨折位置患者的术后视力改善情况的影响。

结果

58例TON患者均行视神经减压术,33例患者术后视力得到改善(改善组),其中9例行开颅视神经管减压术,24例行经鼻内镜减压术;25例患者术后视力未得到改善(未改善组),其中8例行开颅视神经管减压术,17例行经鼻内镜减压术。单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析确定术前视力及视神经管是否骨折是术后视力改善的独立影响因素,有光感者有效率明显高于无光感者,无视神经管骨折患者术后改善率明显高于有视神经管骨折患者。35例单发视神经管骨折患者中,视神经管内下壁骨折使用经鼻内镜视神经减压有更好的预后,开颅减压则对于外上壁骨折更有益。

结论

视神经管减压术治疗TON总体有较好的效果,尤其是对于术前尚存光感的患者。对于视神经管骨折患者应根据骨折位置选择合理的手术方式进行视神经减压。

Objective

To investigate the efficacy of optic canal decompression in the treatment of traumatic optic nerve injury (TON), evaluate the related factors affecting the prognosis, and analyze the surgical strategy of different parts of optic canal fracture.

Methods

The clinical data of 58 patients who underwent optic nerve decompression after TON in the Neurosurgery Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2011 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the potential prognostic factors. According to the different positions of optic canal fractures, craniotomy optic nerve decompression and transnasal endoscopic decompression were selected to evaluate the effects of different surgical methods on the improvement of postoperative visual acuity in patients with different fracture positions.

Results

All 58 patients with TON underwent optic nerve decompression, and the postoperative visual acuity of 33 patients was improved (improvement group), including 9 cases of craniotomy optic nerve canal decompression and 24 cases of transnasal endoscopic decompression; The postoperative visual acuity of 25 patients was not improved (not improved group), including 8 cases of craniotomy optic canal decompression and 17 cases of transnasal endoscopic decompression. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis determined that preoperative visual acuity and optic canal fracture were independent influencing factors for postoperative visual acuity improvement. The effective rate of patients with light perception was significantly higher than that of patients without light perception, and the postoperative improvement rate of patients without optic canal fracture was significantly higher than that of patients with optic canal fracture. Among the 35 patients with single optic canal fracture, transnasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression had a better prognosis for the inner lower wall fracture of optic canal, and craniotomy decompression was more beneficial for the outer upper wall fracture.

Conclusion

Optic canal decompression had a good effect in the treatment of TON, especially for patients with light perception before operation. For the patients with optic canal fracture, a reasonable surgical method should be selected according to the fracture location for optic nerve decompression.

表1 影响创伤性视神经损伤患者术后治疗效果的单因素分析
表2 视神经损伤术后改善情况的多因素Logistic回归分析
图1 32例术前发现视神经管骨折位置统计图
图2 视神经管骨折CT影像图A:单发性视神经管骨折,骨折线位于视神经管内下壁(箭头所示);B:多发性视神经管骨折,骨折线位于视神经管上壁及下壁(箭头所示)
表3 不同术式对单发视神经管骨折的改善情况分析[例(%)]
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