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中华神经创伤外科电子杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (02) : 91 -96. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2023.02.005

临床研究

控制性减压在治疗重型颅脑损伤中的应用
汤宏, 高灵, 高宁, 蒋俊文, 张吉坤, 李由, 陈伟明, 夏鹰()   
  1. 570208 海南海口,中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院(海口市人民医院)神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-24 出版日期:2023-04-15
  • 通信作者: 夏鹰

Application of controlled decompression in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury

Hong Tang, Ling Gao, Ning Gao, Junwen Jiang, Jikun Zhang, You Li, Weiming Chen, Ying Xia()   

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine (Haikou People's Hospital), Haikou 570208, China
  • Received:2022-10-24 Published:2023-04-15
  • Corresponding author: Ying Xia
  • Supported by:
    Hainan Clinical Medical Center Grant(LCYX202309)
引用本文:

汤宏, 高灵, 高宁, 蒋俊文, 张吉坤, 李由, 陈伟明, 夏鹰. 控制性减压在治疗重型颅脑损伤中的应用[J/OL]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2023, 09(02): 91-96.

Hong Tang, Ling Gao, Ning Gao, Junwen Jiang, Jikun Zhang, You Li, Weiming Chen, Ying Xia. Application of controlled decompression in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Neurotraumatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 09(02): 91-96.

目的

探讨控制性减压在治疗重型颅脑损伤(sTBI)的临床疗效。

方法

回顾性分析中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院神经外科自2018年9月至2021年9月应用控制性减压治疗的sTBI患者35例,设为控制性减压组;2015年1月至2018年1月应用常规开颅减压治疗的sTBI患者35例,设为常规性减压组。分析2组患者的临床资料、术后并发症、住院时间、住院费用及预后结果。

结果

控制性减压组患者的手术时间长于常规性减压组,恶性脑膨出比例明显低于常规性减压组,差异均有统计学意义(P>0.05)。控制性减压组患者术后并发症(脑积水和脑膨出)的发生率、住院时间及费用均明显低于常规性减压组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访6个月,控制性减压组患者中27例效果良好,3例重度残疾,3例植物生存状态,2例患者术后弥漫性脑肿胀死亡。35例常规减压组患者中18例效果尚可,8例重度残疾,4例植物生存状态,5例死亡。2组患者预后比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

控制性减压在治疗sTBI患者中效果明显,能改善部分患者的预后。

Objective

To explore the clinical efficacy of controlled decompression in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).

Methods

Thirty five patients with sTBI treated by applying controlled decompression surgery from September 2018 to September 2021 in Neurosurgery Department of Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine were enrolled into controlled decompression group, another 35 patients with sTBI treated by routine conventional decompression surgery from January 2015 to January 2018 were enrolled into conventional decompression group. The clinical data, complication, length of hospital stay, hospital costs and follow-up results of all cases were analyzed.

Results

The surgical time of patients in the controlled decompression group was longer than that in the conventional decompression group, and the proportion of malignant encephalocele was significantly lower than that in the conventional decompression group, with statistical significance (P>0.05). The incidence, hospitalization time, and cost of postoperative complications (hydrocephalus and encephalocele) in the controlled decompression group were significantly lower than those in the conventional decompression group, and the differences were statistically significant (P>0.05). Following up for 6 months, 27 patients in the controlled decompression group achieved good results, 3 patients had severe disability, 3 patients had vegetative survival status, and 2 patients died of postoperative diffuse brain swelling. Among the 35 patients patients in the conventional decompression group, 18 were effective, 8 were severely disabled, 4 were in vegetative state, and 5 died. There was a statistically significant difference in prognosis between the two groups (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Controlled decompression has a good effective in the treatment of patients with sTBI and could improve the prognosis of some patients.

表1 2组患者一般临床资料比较
Tab.1 Comparison of the general clinical data of the two groups
图1 控制性减压患者术前术后影像学资料对比A~B:术前CT(A:环池显影不清;B:中线明显移位,脑室明显受压);C~D:术后CT(C:环池显影清晰;D:中线居中,脑室受压明显缓解,对侧脑组织未见出血)
Fig.1 Comparison of preoperative and postoperative imaging data in patients with controlled decompression
图2 常规性减压患者术前术后影像学资料对比A~B:术前CT(A:环池显影不清,四脑室可见少许积血;B:中线移位,脑室明显受压,脑肿胀);C~D:术后CT(C:环池显影较术前明显好转;D:中线仍有偏移,减压侧脑内可见出血,脑肿胀明显,骨窗膨出)
Fig.2 Comparison of preoperative and postoperative imaging data in patients with conventional decompression
表2 2组患者住院期间术后并发症比较[例(%)]
Tab.2 Comparison of postoperative complications during hospitalization between the two groups [n (%)]
表3 2组患者住院时间和住院费用比较(±s
Tab.3 Comparison of length of stay and hospital costs between the two groups (Mean±SD)
图3 2组患者术后即刻及6个月后的影像学资料对比A~C:控制性减压组;A:术前硬膜下血肿压迫脑组织,中线移位;B:术后中线居中;C:术后6个月,骨窗局部凹陷,脑室系统正常;D~F:常规性减压组;D:术前脑组织受压明显,中线移位,脑室受压变形;E:术后中线居中,对侧额部出现少许血肿;F:术后6个月,骨窗仍膨出
Fig.3 Comparison of imaging data between two groups immediately after surgery and 6 months later
表4 2组患者预后情况比较[例(%)]
Tab.4 Comparison of prognosis between the two groups [n (%)]
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