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中华神经创伤外科电子杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 07 ›› Issue (06) : 339 -344. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2021.06.004

临床研究

外伤性脑疝患者去骨瓣减压术中并发脑膨出的预测因素
张尚明1, 胡晓芳1, 赵琳1, 陈宏颉1, 魏梁锋1, 王守森1,()   
  1. 1. 350025 福州,解放军联勤保障部队第九医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-17 出版日期:2021-12-15
  • 通信作者: 王守森
  • 基金资助:
    联勤保障部队第九医院战时伤病救治研究专项(2018Z01)

Predictors of concurrent encephalocele during debone valve decompression in patients with traumatic brain hernia

Shangming Zhang1, Xiaofang Hu1, Lin Zhao1, Hongjie Chen1, Liangfeng Wei1, Shousen Wang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou 350025, China
  • Received:2020-12-17 Published:2021-12-15
  • Corresponding author: Shousen Wang
引用本文:

张尚明, 胡晓芳, 赵琳, 陈宏颉, 魏梁锋, 王守森. 外伤性脑疝患者去骨瓣减压术中并发脑膨出的预测因素[J]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2021, 07(06): 339-344.

Shangming Zhang, Xiaofang Hu, Lin Zhao, Hongjie Chen, Liangfeng Wei, Shousen Wang. Predictors of concurrent encephalocele during debone valve decompression in patients with traumatic brain hernia[J]. Chinese Journal of Neurotraumatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2021, 07(06): 339-344.

目的

探讨颅脑外伤脑疝患者行去骨瓣减压术中并发急性脑膨出的术前高危预测因素。

方法

回顾性分析解放军联勤保障部队第九医院神经外科自2017年1月至2020年12月收治的103例颅脑外伤脑疝患者,根据术中是否发生急性脑膨出分为急性脑膨出组和无脑膨出组,比较2组患者术后3个月的预后情况,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析术中急性脑膨出的危险因素,进而对脑膨出的术前预测因素进行探讨。

结果

本组103例患者中,术中发生急性脑膨出者24例(23.3%)。急性脑膨出组患者术后3个月内的预后不良率(70.83%)明显高于无脑膨出组(40.51%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,脑膨出组与未膨出组患者的年龄分类、术前瞳孔改变、术前是否有缺氧史或低氧血症、术前Helsinki CT评分、术前是否有弥漫性脑肿胀因素间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示年龄<60岁、术前瞳孔散大以及Helsinki CT评分≥8分的患者发生急性脑膨出的风险明显增加。

结论

年龄<60岁、双侧瞳孔散大及Helsinki CT评分≥8分是并发急性脑膨出的高危预测因素,术前充分评估这些因素对预防术中急性脑膨出有积极的临床参考意义。

Objective

To explore the preoperative predictors of concurrent encephalocele during decompressive craniectomy in patients with traumatic brain hernia.

Methods

One hundred and three patients with the diagnosis of severe traumatic brain hernia treated in Neurosurgery Department of the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team from January 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether acute encephalocele occurred during operation, they were divided into acute encephalocele group and non-encephalocele group. The prognosis of the 2 groups at 3 months after operation was compared, The risk factors of intraoperative acute encephalocele were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression, and then the preoperative predictors of encephalocele were explored.

Results

Of the 103 patients in this group, 24 had acute encephalele (23.3%). The poor prognosis rate within 3 months in the acute encephalocele group (70.83%) was significantly higher than that in the non-encephalocele group (40.51%) (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age classification, preoperative pupil changes, preoperative history of hypoxia or hypoxemia, preoperative Helsinki CT score and preoperative diffuse brain swelling between encephalocele group and non-encephalocele group (P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of acute encephalocele was significantly increased in age <60 years old, preoperative mydriasis, and Helsinki CT score≥8.

Conclusion

The preoperative high risk predictors of acute encephalocele were age <60 years old preoperative dilated pupil, and Helsinki CT score ≥8. The evaluation of above factors has positive clinical reference for the prevention of acute encephalocele before the operation.

表1 本组患者术后3个月内预后情况比较
表2 术中急性恶性脑膨出的单因素分析
因素 脑膨出组(n=24) 无膨出组(n=79) χ2/F P
性别[例(%)]     0.009 0.924
  18(75.00) 60(75.95)    
  6(25.00) 19(24.05)    
年龄(岁,±s 46.21±13.56 52.96±16.07 1.865 0.065
年龄分类[例(%)]     8.556 0.003
  <60岁 21(87.50) 43(54.43)    
  ≥60岁 3(12.50) 36(45.57)    
瞳孔变化[例(%)]     21.301 <0.001
  双侧 15(62.50) 12(15.19)    
  单侧 9(37.50) 67(84.81)    
发生脑疝至开颅的时间[例(%)]   0.720 0.396
  ≥4 h 11(45.83) 44(55.70)    
  <4 h 13(54.17) 35(44.30)    
有缺氧史或低氧血症[例(%)] 7(29.17) 9(11.39) 4.432 0.035
术前GCS评分[例(%)]     1.959 0.162
  3~5分 12(50.00) 27(34.18)    
  5~8分 12(50.00) 52(65.82)    
额颞叶多发挫裂伤[例(%)] 24(100.00) 66(83.54) 3.151 0.076a
Rotterdam CT评分[例(%)]     1.801 0.406
  4分 5(20.83) 25(31.65)    
  5分 11(45.83) 37(46.83)    
  6分 8(33.33) 17(21.52)    
Helsinki CT评分[例(%)]     9.288 0.002
  ≥8分 20(83.33) 38(48.10)    
  <8分 4(16.67) 41(51.90)    
合并对侧颅脑损伤[例(%)] 13(41.67) 36(27.85) 0.545 0.460
术前弥漫性脑肿胀[例(%)] 6(25.00) 4(5.06) 6.227 0.013a
梯度减压策略[例(%)]     2.544 0.111
  导管型减压 8(33.33) 41(51.90)    
  常规梯度减压 16(66.67) 38(48.10)    
表3 术中急性脑膨出预测因素的二元Logistic回归分析
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