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中华神经创伤外科电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (05) : 276 -281. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2022.05.004

临床研究

交通性脑积水脑室-腹腔分流术后迟发性颅内出血发生风险的列线图预测模型构建与评估
吴晓凡1, 罗书引1,(), 冯二艳1   
  1. 1. 223002 江苏淮安,淮安市第二人民医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-23 出版日期:2022-10-15
  • 通信作者: 罗书引

Construction and evaluation of a nomogram predictive model for the risk of delayed intracranial hemorrhage after ventriculo-peritoneal shunt for communicating hydrocephalus

Xiaofan Wu1, Shuyin Luo1,(), Eryan Feng1   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, Huai'an 223002, China
  • Received:2022-05-23 Published:2022-10-15
  • Corresponding author: Shuyin Luo
引用本文:

吴晓凡, 罗书引, 冯二艳. 交通性脑积水脑室-腹腔分流术后迟发性颅内出血发生风险的列线图预测模型构建与评估[J]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2022, 08(05): 276-281.

Xiaofan Wu, Shuyin Luo, Eryan Feng. Construction and evaluation of a nomogram predictive model for the risk of delayed intracranial hemorrhage after ventriculo-peritoneal shunt for communicating hydrocephalus[J]. Chinese Journal of Neurotraumatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2022, 08(05): 276-281.

目的

探讨交通性脑积水(CHP)脑室-腹腔分流(VPS)术后迟发性颅内出血(DICH)发生的危险因素,构建预测术后DICH发生的列线图模型,并对模型的预测效果予以评估。

方法

选取淮安市第二人民医院神经外科自2016年2月至2021年8月行VPS术的307例CHP患者为研究对象进行病例对照研究,根据术后是否发生DICH分为DICH组(49例)和对照组(258例)。收集所有患者的基本资料(包括年龄、性别、原发病、是否合并基础疾病、既往颅脑手术史、抗凝药使用史、有无颅骨缺损等)及治疗信息(穿刺侧别、1周内调节分流阀门)行单因素分析,通过多因素Logistic回归分析确定术后CHP的危险因素,并通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和校准曲线评估列线图模型的预测能力。另选取104例行VPS术的CHP患者为验证集,并对列线图模型做外部验证。

结果

DICH组年龄、既往颅脑手术史比例、颅骨缺损比例、1周内调节分流阀门比例明显较对照组高(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、既往颅脑手术史、颅骨缺损、1周内调节分流阀门是CHP患者VPS术后DICH发生的主要危险因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析结果显示,构建的CHP患者VPS术后DICH发生的列线图预测模型具有较好的区分度[曲线下面积(AUC)为0.858,95%CI:0.804~0.913]和精准度(拟合优度HL检验χ2=7.831,P=0.396);104例行VPS术的CHP患者中16例发生DICH,发生率为15.38%,外部验证中AUC为0.792(95%CI:0.729~0.855),校准曲线拟合优度HL检验(χ2=8.319,P=0.351),提示精准度较高。

结论

基于年龄、既往颅脑手术史、颅骨缺损、1周内调节分流阀门4项危险因素构建的CHP患者VPS术后DICH发生的列线图模型具有较高的预测效能。

Objective

To investigate the risk factors of delayed intracranial hemorrhage (DICH) after ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS) for communicating hydrocephalus (CHP), to construct a nomogram model for predicting the occurrence of DICH after surgery, and the prediction effect of the model was evaluated.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted on 307 CHP patients who underwent VPS surgery in Neurosurgery Department of Huai'an Second People's Hospital from February 2016 to August 2021. They were divided into the DICH group (n=49) and the control group (n=258) according to whether DICH occurred after surgery. The basic data (including age, gender, primary disease, whether combined with underlying diseases, the history of previous craniocerebral surgery, the history of anticoagulant use, presence or absence of skull defects, etc.) and treatment information (side puncture, adjustment of the shunt valve within 1 week) were collected for single factor analysis, multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of postoperative CHP, and ROC curve and calibration curve were used to evaluate the predictive ability of the nomogram model. Another 104 CHP patients who underwent VPS were selected as the validation set, and the nomogram model was externally validated.

Results

The age, the proportion of previous craniocerebral surgery history, the proportion of skull defects, and the proportion of adjustment of the shunt valve within 1 week in the DICH group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); Logistic regression analysis showed that the age, the history of previous craniocerebral surgery, skull defect, and adjustment of the shunt valve within 1 week were the main risk factors for DICH after VPS in patients with CHP (P<0.05); ROC curve analysis results showed that the constructed nomogram prediction model of DICH after VPS in CHP patients had good discrimination [area under curve (AUC) was 0.858, 95%CI: 0.804-0.913] and accuracy (goodness of fit HL test χ2=7.831, P=0.396); Among 104 cases in the validation set, 16 cases developed DICH, with an incidence of 15.38%. The AUC in the external validation was 0.792 (95%CI: 0.729-0.855). The goodness of fit HL test of the calibration curve (χ2=8.319, P=0.351), indicating high accuracy.

Conclusion

The nomogram model based on four risk factors, including age, the history of previous craniocerebral surgery, skull defect, and adjustment of the shunt valve within 1 week, has a high predictive efficacy for the occurrence of DICH in CHP patients after VPS.

表1 CHP患者VPS术后发生DICH的单因素分析
表2 影响因素赋值方式
表3 CHP患者VPS术后发生DICH的多因素Logistic回归分析
图1 建模集CHP患者VPS术后发生DICH的列线图预测模型构建CHP:交通性脑积水;DICH:迟发性颅内出血;VPS:脑室腹腔分流术
图2 列线图模型预测建模集CHP患者VPS术后发生DICH的ROC曲线CHP:交通性脑积水;DICH:迟发性颅内出血;VPS:脑室-腹腔分流术;ROC:受试者工作特征
图3 列线图模型预测建模集CHP患者VPS术后发生DICH的校准曲线CHP:交通性脑积水;DICH:迟发性颅内出血;VPS:脑室-腹腔分流术
表4 104例CHP患者的临床资料比较
图4 预测验证集CHP患者VPS术后发生DICH的ROC曲线CHP:交通性脑积水;DICH:迟发性颅内出血;VPS:脑室-腹腔分流术;ROC:受试者工作特征
图5 列线图模型预测验证集CHP患者VPS术后发生DICH的校准曲线CHP:交通性脑积水;DICH:迟发性颅内出血;VPS:脑室-腹腔分流术
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