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中华神经创伤外科电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (06) : 335 -340. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2022.06.004

临床研究

脑室-腹腔分流术对脑膜转移癌的治疗效果分析
赵海林1, 王璐璐1, 罗冬冬1,(), 胡骕1, 李丹1, 彭彪1   
  1. 1. 510095 广州,广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-05 出版日期:2022-12-15
  • 通信作者: 罗冬冬
  • 基金资助:
    广州市医药卫生科技项目课题(2017A011322)

Analysis of curative effect of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in the treatment of leptomeningeal metastasis carcinoma

Hailin Zhao1, Lulu Wang1, Dongdong Luo1,(), Su Hu1, Dan Li1, Biao Peng1   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
  • Received:2022-06-05 Published:2022-12-15
  • Corresponding author: Dongdong Luo
引用本文:

赵海林, 王璐璐, 罗冬冬, 胡骕, 李丹, 彭彪. 脑室-腹腔分流术对脑膜转移癌的治疗效果分析[J]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2022, 08(06): 335-340.

Hailin Zhao, Lulu Wang, Dongdong Luo, Su Hu, Dan Li, Biao Peng. Analysis of curative effect of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in the treatment of leptomeningeal metastasis carcinoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Neurotraumatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2022, 08(06): 335-340.

目的

探讨脑室-腹腔(VP)分流术对脑膜转移癌(LM)的治疗作用。

方法

回顾性分析广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院神经外科自2014年9月至2019年12月收治的41例LM患者,按照治疗方式的不同将患者分为VP手术组和非手术组,比较2组患者治疗前、治疗后1周的KPS评分;并将VP手术组患者进一步分为VP联合化疗药物治疗与非联合治疗,VP联合表皮生长因子酪氨酸激酶受体抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)治疗与非联合治疗,对比不同治疗方式术前、术后的治疗效果,采用Kaplan.Meier法评估各组生存率并绘制生存曲线。

结果

治疗后1周,手术组患者KPS评分显著高于非手术组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后1个月,VP手术组缓解率为(69.6%),高于非手术组(33.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。VP手术联合化疗药物治疗的缓解率为86.7%,高于非联合治疗(37.5%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。VP手术联合EGFR-TKI治疗的缓解率为100%,高于非联合治疗(50%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。23例VP手术患者的中位生存期38周,高于18例非手术患者(5周),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。VP手术患者中,联合EGFR-TKI治疗者中位生存期57周,显著高于未联合治疗者(32周),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

VP手术可迅速、可靠地降低颅内压,改善LM患者生存质量。联合化疗药物、靶向药物治疗可进一步改善LM患者预后,延长生存时间,值得临床上推广使用。

Objective

To investigate the therapeutic effect of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt in the treatment of leptomeningeal metastasis (LM).

Methods

A total of 41 patients with LM admitted to Neurosurgery Department of the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from September 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into VP surgery group and non-surgery group, and the KPS scores of two groups before and after treatment were compared. The VP surgery group was further divided in to VP combined with chemotherapeutic drugs and non-combined treatment, VP combined with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyosine ki-nase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) and non-combined treatment. The curative effect before and after different treatment methods were compared. Kaplan Meier method was used to assess the survival rate in each group and survival curve of patients were drawn.

Results

One week after treatment, KPS score of the operation group was significantly higher than that of the non-operation group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). One month after treatment, the remission rate of VP surgery group was 69.6%, which was higher than that of non-surgery group (33.3%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The remission rate of VP surgery combined with chemotherapy was 86.7%, which was higher than that of non-combined therapy (37.5%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The remission rate of VP combined with EGFR-TKI was 100%, which was higher than that of non-combined treatment (50%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The median survival time of 23 VP patients was 38 weeks, which was higher than that of 18 non-operative patients (5 weeks), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Among VP patients, the median survival time of those treated with combined EGFR-TKI was 57 weeks, which was significantly higher than that of those not treated with combined EGFR-TKI (32 weeks), with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05).

Conclusion

VP surgery can rapidly and reliably reduce intracranial pressure and improve the quality of life of patients with LM. Combined with chemotherapy drugs and targeted drug therapy can further improve the prognosis of patients with LM and prolong the survival time, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

表1 脑膜转移癌患者的临床资料
图1 肺癌脑膜转移患者的头颅MRI检查图A:软脑膜强化:T1WI见右侧枕叶蛛网膜下腔线状强化;B:脑室旁间质水肿:T2WI见脑室周围脑实质高信号,呈"戴帽"现象,脑室稍增大;C:T1WI见右侧枕叶硬膜下强化病灶,并出现"脑膜尾征"
图2 左中肺中分化腺癌患者脑脊液细胞学检查图,可见异型细胞(×1000)
表2 手术组和非手术组KPS评分比较[分,M(Q1,Q3)]
表3 不同治疗方式的疗效评价
图3 不同治疗方式患者生存曲线的比较A:VP手术与非VP治疗组之间的生存情况比较;B:采用VP治疗的患者中,联合化疗药物治疗和非联合治疗的生存情况比较;C:采用VP治疗的患者中,联合EGFR-TKI治疗和非联合治疗的生存情况比较;VP:脑室-腹腔
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