[1] |
Fernández-Espejo D,Owen AM. Detecting awareness after severe rain injury[J]. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2013, 14(11): 801-809.
|
[2] |
Bernat JL. A defense of the whole-brain concept of death[J]. Hastings Cent Rep, 1998, 28(2): 14-23.
|
[3] |
Haupt WF,Rudolf J. European brain death codes: a comparison of national guidelines[J]. J Neurol, 1999, 246(6): 432-437.
|
[4] |
Jennett B. Thirty years of the vegetative state: clinical, ethical and legal problems[J]. Prog Brain Res, 2005, 150: 537-543.
|
[5] |
Medical aspects of the persistent vegetative state(1). The Multi-Society Task Force on PVS[J]. N Engl J Med, 1994, 330(21): 1499-1508.
|
[6] |
Giacino JT,Ashwal S,Childs N, et al. The minimally conscious state: definition and diagnostic criteria[J]. Neurology, 2002, 58(3): 349-353.
|
[7] |
Bauer G,Gerstenbrand F,Rumpl E. Varieties of the locked-in syndrome[J]. J Neurol, 1979, 221(2): 77-91.
|
[8] |
Laureys S,Owen AM,Schiff ND. Brain function in coma, vegetative state, and related disorders[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2004, 3(9): 537-546.
|
[9] |
Giacino JT,Smart CM. Recent advances in behavioral assessment of individuals with disorders of consciousness[J]. Curr Opin Neurol, 2007, 20(6): 614-619.
|
[10] |
Teasdale G,Jennett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale[J]. Lancet, 1974, (7872): 81-84.
|
[11] |
Teasdale G. Acute impairment of brain function-1. Assessing′conscious level′[J]. Nurs Times, 1975, 71(24): 914-917.
|
[12] |
Marion DW,Carlier PM. Problems with initial Glasgow Coma Scale assessment caused by prehospital treatment of patients with head injuries: results of a national survey[J]. J Trauma, 1994, 36(1): 89-95.
|
[13] |
Wijdicks EF. Clinical scales for comatose patients: the Glasgow Coma Scale in historical context and the new FOUR Score[J]. Rev Neurol Dis, 2006, 3(3): 109-117.
|
[14] |
Wijdicks EF,Bamlet WR,Maramattom BV, et al. Validation of a new coma scale: The FOUR score[J]. Ann Neurol, 2005, 58(4): 585-593.
|
[15] |
Bruno MA,Ledoux D,Lambermont B, et al. Comparison of the full outline of unresponsiveness and Glasgow Liege Scale/Glasgow Coma Scale in an intensive care unit population[J]. Neurocrit care, 2011, 15(3): 447-453.
|
[16] |
Giacino JT,KalmarK,Whyte J. The JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised: Measurement characteristics and diagnosticutility[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2004, 85(12): 2020-2029.
|
[17] |
Lovstad M,Froslie KF,Giacino JT, et al. Reliability and diagnostic characteristics of the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised: exploring the influence of rater′s level of experience[J]. J Head Trauma rehabilitation, 2010, 25(5): 349-356.
|
[18] |
Schnakers C,Giacino J,Kalmar K, et al. Does the FOUR score correctly diagnose the vegetative and minimally conscious states?[J]. Ann Neurol, 2006, 60(6): 744-745.
|
[19] |
Seel RT,Sherer M,Whyte J, et al. Assessment scales for disorders of consciousness: evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice and research[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2010, 91(12): 1795-1813.
|
[20] |
Giacino J,Kezmarsky M,DeLuca J, et al. Monitoring rate of recovery to predict outcome in minimally responsive patients[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1991, 72(11): 897-901.
|
[21] |
张瑛,何敏慧,赵发林,等.中文版CRS-R量表的信效度研究[J].护理与康复, 2013, 12(8): 715-721.
|
[22] |
Shiel A,Horn S,Wilson B, et al. The Wessex Head Injury Matrix (WHIM) main scale: a preliminary report on a scale to assess and monitor patient recovery after severe head injury[J]. Clin Rehabil, 2000, 14(4): 408-416.
|
[23] |
Hagen C, Malkmus D, Durham P. Levels of Cognitive Functions [C]//The rehabilitation of the head-injured adult: Comprehensive Physical Management. Downey(CA): Professional Staff Association Rancho Los Amigos Hospital, 1979.
|
[24] |
Gill-Thwaites H. The Sensory Modality Assessment Rehabilitation Technique: a tool for assessment and treatment of patients with severe brain injury in a vegetative state[J]. Brain Inj, 1997, 11(10): 723-734.
|
[25] |
Gill-Thwaites H,Munday R. The Sensory Modality Assessment and Rehabilitation Technique (SMART): A comprehensive and integrated assessment and treatment protocol for the vegetative state and minimally responsive patient[J]. Neuropsychol Rehabil, 1999, 9(3-4): 305-320.
|
[26] |
Schnakers C,Chatelle C,Vanhaudenhuyse A, et al. The Nociception Coma Scale: a new tool to assess nociception in disorders of consciousness[J]. Pain, 2010, 148(2): 215-219.
|
[27] |
Lovstad M,Froslie KF,Giacino JT, et al. Reliability and diagnostic characteristics of the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised: exploring the influence of rater′s level of experience[J]. J Head Ttrauma Rehabil, 2010, 25(5): 349-356.
|