To explore the therapeutic efficacy of closed drilling drainage combined with Atorvastatin in the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma.

A prospective collection of 87 cases of chronic subdural hematoma admitted to Neurosurgery Department of the 907^th Hospital of Joint Support Force of PLA from January 2018 to December 2022 were prospectively collected and randomly divided into the observation group (n=45) and the control group (n=42). The control group received traditional minimally invasive drilling and drainage surgery, while the observation group received closed drilling and drainage, followed by postoperative treatment with Atorvastatin. The surgical time, postoperative symptom improvement, extubation time, preoperative and postoperative neurological function (NIHSS) score and activity of life (ADL) improvement, postoperative complications, and hematoma recurrence between two groups were compared.

Thirty-eight patients (84.4%) in the observation group had surgery time of 10-15 min, while 40 patients (95.2%) in the control group had surgery time>15 min, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Among patients with worsening postoperative headache and dizziness, there were 5 cases in the observation group and 28 cases in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The observation group mostly underwent extubation on the 1^st postoperative day, while the control group mostly underwent extubation on the 3^rd to 4^th postoperative day, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). After 1 week of surgery, the incidence of subdural effusion in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The incidence of intracranial gas accumulation was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After 3 months of surgery, the NIHSS score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the ADL score was significantly higher than that of the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). After 6 months of surgery, the postoperative recurrence rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Closed drilling drainage combined with Atorvastatin can shorten the treatment time of chronic subdural hematoma, improve the degree of neurological improvement, and reduce postoperative complications and recurrence rates.