Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis meningitis inflammation occurred non suppurative, about the human body tuberculosis accounted for 1%, it can lead to serious central nervous system disease, its mortality and high morbidity and increased year by year. The incidence of children with poor resistance was higher than that of adults, and the mortality rate of children with TBM complicated with HIV infection was very high. Not only that, the pathogenesis of TBM is unclear, no abnormal disease early diagnosis, backward technology, so often leads to misdiagnosis, causing no timely treatment for anti nuclear and delay treatment. To this end, to seek more advanced TBM early diagnosis methods for clinical treatment and improve the prognosis of patients. In this paper, the early diagnosis methods of TBM in recent years are described.