To analyze the causes of acute intra-operative encephalocele and the treatment for severe craniocerebral injury.

The clinical data were collected and analyzed for 58 patients with severe head injuries who suffered acute intra-operative encephalocele and collected in our hospital from September 2015 to December 2015. There were 41 males and 17 females with an age range of 3 to 72 years old. All the 58 patients underwent surgical treatment. Acute encephalocele occurred in all patients, and 37 cases of delayed hematoma after CT were reoperated.

Among these 58 patients, 42 cases survived (72.4%), 16 cases died (27.6%); the surviving patients were followed up for 3 months~3 years, according to the GOS score, 19 patients reach favorable recovery (32.8%) (5 degree), 8 cases with moderate disabled (13.8%) (4 degree), 11 cases with severe disabled (19.0%) (3 degree), 4 cases inpersistentcoma (6.9%) (2 degree).

The main cause of acute encephalocele during the operation of severe craniocerebral injury was delayed intracranial haematoma. Sufficient preoperative assessment, a timely review of CT in operation and the never give up of strong faith, together, can effectively improve the treatment success rate, and the mortality can be reduced.