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中华神经创伤外科电子杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (05) : 295 -301. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2023.05.007

临床研究

机械取栓术后应用依达拉奉右崁醇对急性缺血性脑卒中预后的改善
尚慧娟, 袁晓冬()   
  1. 714000 陕西渭南,渭南市中心医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-01 出版日期:2023-10-15
  • 通信作者: 袁晓冬

Improvement of prognosis of acute cerebral ischemic stroke with edaravone dexkanol after mechanical thrombectomy

Huijuan Shang, Xiaodong Yuan()   

  1. Department of Neurology, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan 714000, China
  • Received:2023-03-01 Published:2023-10-15
  • Corresponding author: Xiaodong Yuan
引用本文:

尚慧娟, 袁晓冬. 机械取栓术后应用依达拉奉右崁醇对急性缺血性脑卒中预后的改善[J]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2023, 09(05): 295-301.

Huijuan Shang, Xiaodong Yuan. Improvement of prognosis of acute cerebral ischemic stroke with edaravone dexkanol after mechanical thrombectomy[J]. Chinese Journal of Neurotraumatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 09(05): 295-301.

目的

探讨机械取栓术后依达拉奉右莰醇对急性缺血性脑卒中(CIS)患者氧化应激、免疫功能、神经功能的影响。

方法

前瞻性选取渭南市中心医院神经内科自2019年5月至2022年5月收治的行机械取栓术的急性CIS患者174例,按随机数字表法分成试验组、常规组与空白组,每组58例。试验组术后给予依达拉奉右莰醇;常规组术后给予依达拉奉;空白组术后仅常规处理,不给予依达拉奉右莰醇或依达拉奉。分别于术前、治疗2周检测3组患者血清指标,包括超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、缺氧转录因子-1α(HIF-1α)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)表达水平,并测定免疫功能指标,包括血清CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+水平,记录患者的住院时间及不良反应情况。随访6个月,比较3组患者术前及术后3、6个月的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分。

结果

3组患者治疗2周后的SOD、GSH-Px水平均高于术前,且试验组较常规组、空白组增高;MDA、ox-LDL水平低于术前,且试验组较常规组、空白组降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组患者治疗2周后的HIF-1α、MMP-9水平均低于术前,且试验组较常规组、空白组降低;Bcl-2水平高于术前,且试验组较常规组、空白组增高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组患者治疗2周的CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+高于术前,CD8+低于术前,试验组的CD4+、CD4+/CD8+较常规组、空白组增高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组患者的不良反应率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3、6个月,3组患者的NIHSS评分低于术前,且术后3个月试验组的评分较常规组、空白组降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后6个月3组患者的NIHSS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

急性CIS患者在机械取栓术后采用依达拉奉右莰醇治疗,能更有效缓解氧化应激,提高机体免疫,改善短期神经功能缺损,用药安全,作用机制可能与其对HIF-1α、Bcl-2、MMP-9的调控作用有关,但对中期神经功能缺损无明显改善作用。

Objective

To investigate the effects of Edaravond-dexcamphenol on oxidative stress, immune function and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) after mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted on 174 CIS patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy in Neurology Department of Weinan Central Hospital from May 2019 to May 2022. They were randomly divided into an experimental group, a conventional group, and a blank group using a random number table method, with 58 patients in each group. The experimental group was given edaravone deoxycamphor after surgery, the conventional group was given edaravone after surgery, and the blank group received only routine treatment after surgery and was not given edaravone deoxycamphor or edaravone after surgery. Serum indicators, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA), oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), B lymphocytoma-2 (Bcl-2), hypoxic transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were measured in three groups of patients before surgery and 2 weeks after treatment. Serum levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ were also measured, and the length of hospital stay and adverse reactions were recorded. The National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores of the three groups were compared before and 3 and 6 months after the follow-up for 6 months.

Results

After 2 weeks of treatment, the SOD and GSH-Px of three groups were higher than before surgery, and the experimental group was higher than the conventional group and blank group; MDA and ox LDL were lower than preoperative levels, and the experimental group was lower than the conventional group and blank group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). After 2 weeks of treatment, HIF-1α and MMP-9 in the three groups were lower than before surgery, and the experimental group was lower than the conventional group and the blank group, and the Bcl-2 in the three groups was higher than before surgery, and the experimental group was higher than the conventional group and the blank group (P<0.05). After 2 weeks of treatment, the levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the three groups were higher than before surgery, and the levels of CD8+ were lower than before surgery. The levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the experimental group were higher than those in the conventional group and the blank group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no difference in the adverse reaction rate among the three groups (P>0.05). The NIHSS scores of the three groups at 3 and 6 months after surgery were lower than those before surgery, and the scores of the experimental group at 3 months after surgery were lower than those of the conventional group and the blank group (P<0.05), and the NIHSS scores of the three groups at 6 months after surgery were not different (P>0.05).

Conclusion

Edaravone dextrocamphorol treatment after mechanical thrombecectomy in acute CIS patients can more effectively relieve oxidative stress, improve immunity, improve short-term neurological deficits, and is safe to use. The mechanism of action may be related to the regulatory effects of HIF-1α, Bcl-2, and MMP-9, but it has no significant improvement on medium-term neurological deficits.

表1 3组患者的基线资料比较
Tab.1 Comparison of baseline data among three groups
表2 3组患者治疗前后血清SOD、MDA、ox-LDL、GSH-Px水平比较(±s
Tab.2 Comparison of serum levels of SOD, MDA, ox-LDL and GSH-Px before and after treatment among three groups (Mean±SD)
表3 3组患者治疗前后血清Bcl-2、HIF-1α、MMP-9水平比较(±s
Tab.3 Comparison of serum Bcl-2, HIF-1α and MMP-9 levels before and after treatment among three groups (Mean±SD)
表4 3组患者治疗前后免疫功能指标比较(±s
Tab.4 Comparison of immune function indexes before and after treatment among three groups (Mean±SD)
表5 3组患者的不良反应情况比较[例(%)]
Tab.5 Comparison of adverse reactions among 3 groups [n(%)]
表6 3组患者术前及术后3、6个月的NIHSS评分比较(分,±s
Tab.6 Comparison of NIHSS scores at preoperative and postoperative 3 and 6 months among 3 groups (score, Mean±SD)
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