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中华神经创伤外科电子杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (02) : 85 -90. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2023.02.004

临床研究

原发性脑干出血患者预后危险因素分析
耿一博, 刘一齐, 刘小莉, 汪阳, 顾征, 宋英伦, 李涛, 李彤, 谭可, 王雁, 杨云娜, 李锦平()   
  1. 100020 北京,首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经外科
    100043 北京,首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院疝和腹壁外科
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-31 出版日期:2023-04-15
  • 通信作者: 李锦平

Risk factors for prognosis in patients with primary brainstem hemorrhage

Yibo Geng, Yiqi Liu, Xiaoli Liu, Yang Wang, Zheng Gu, Yinglun Song, Tao Li, Tong Li, Ke Tan, Yan Wang, Yunna Yang, Jinping Li()   

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
    Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
  • Received:2022-10-31 Published:2023-04-15
  • Corresponding author: Jinping Li
引用本文:

耿一博, 刘一齐, 刘小莉, 汪阳, 顾征, 宋英伦, 李涛, 李彤, 谭可, 王雁, 杨云娜, 李锦平. 原发性脑干出血患者预后危险因素分析[J]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2023, 09(02): 85-90.

Yibo Geng, Yiqi Liu, Xiaoli Liu, Yang Wang, Zheng Gu, Yinglun Song, Tao Li, Tong Li, Ke Tan, Yan Wang, Yunna Yang, Jinping Li. Risk factors for prognosis in patients with primary brainstem hemorrhage[J]. Chinese Journal of Neurotraumatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 09(02): 85-90.

目的

探讨影响原发性脑干出血死亡及功能恢复的危险因素。

方法

回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经外科自2016年1月至2021年11月收治的脑干出血患者的临床资料,包括患者的一般资料、入院时神经系统征象、化验检查、血肿体积及治疗方式等,并根据患者发病后30 d的生存状态分为生存组和死亡组。随访至发病后90 d,依据改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分将患者分为预后良好组(mRS评分0~2分)和预后不良组(mRS评分3~5分),分析筛选原发性脑干出血患者发病后30 d死亡及90 d生活无法自理的危险因素。

结果

共纳入36例原发性脑干出血患者,采用保守治疗30例(83.3%),手术治疗6例(16.7%),其中生存组23例(63.9%),死亡组13例(36.1%)。随访至发病后90 d,预后良好组14例,预后不良组9例。单因素分析结果显示:生存组和死亡组的心率、GCS评分以及机械通气比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);预后良好组和预后不良组患者的GCS评分、双侧光反射消失、机械通气、血白细胞绝对值、血肿体积>5 mL以及血肿破入脑室比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:GCS评分≤8分为原发性脑干出血患者死亡的危险因素(OR=15.893,95%CI:1.528~165.323,P=0.021)。

结论

入院时深昏迷是原发性脑干出血患者死亡及预后不良的重要危险因素。

Objective

To explore the risk factors affecting death and functional recovery in patients with primary brainstem hemorrhage (PBH).

Methods

A retrospective analysis of the patients with brain stem hemorrhage admitted by Neurosurgery Department of Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2016 to November 2021 was made. The general data, neurological signs at admission, laboratory tests, hematoma volume and treatment methods of the patients were collected, and the patients were divided into survival group and death group according to their survival status 30 d after the onset of the disease. From follow up to 90 d after onset, patients were divided into good prognosis group (mRS score 0-2) and poor prognosis group (mRS score 3-5) based on the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score. Risk factors for 30 d death and 90 d inability to take care of themselves in patients with PBH were analyzed and screened.

Results

A total of 36 patients with PBH were included, 30 patients (83.3%) received conservative treatment, and 6 cases (16.7%) underwent surgical treatment, including 23 patients in the survival group (63.9%) and 13 patients in the death group (36.1%). From follow up to 90 d after onset, there were 14 cases in good prognosis group and 9 cases in poor prognosis group. The results of univariate analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in heart rate, GCS score, and mechanical ventilation between the survival group and the death group (P<0.05); there were statistically significant differences in GCS scores, bilateral light reflex disappearance, mechanical ventilation, absolute values of white blood cell, hematoma volume >5 mL, and hematoma breaking into the ventricle between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that GCS score ≤8 (OR=15.893, 95%CI: 1.528-165.323, P=0.021) was a risk factor for death in patients with PBH.

Conclusion

Deep coma upon admission is an important risk factor for death and poor prognosis in patients with PBH.

表1 原发性脑干出血患者30 d死亡的危险因素分析
Tab.1 The univariate analysis of predictors of 30 d mortality after primary brainstem hemorrhage
表2 原发性脑干出血患者90 d功能恢复危险因素单因素分析
Tab.2 The univariate analysis of 90 d functional recovery after primary brainstem hemorrhage
表3 原发性脑干出血患者发病后30 d死亡的Logistic回归分析
Tab.3 Logistic regression analysis of mortality 30 d after onset in patients with primary brainstem hemorrhage
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