颅脑创伤（traumatic brain injury，TBI）一直是严重影响人类健康的全球公共卫生问题之一，尤其是重型TBI，严重影响患者预后并给患者家庭及社会带来沉重负担。中国作为最大的发展中国家和人口最多的国家，TBI患者的数量要远多于其他国家，且我国地域辽阔，病情特点复杂及医疗资源不均衡，了解我国TBI流行病学资料尤为重要。随着现代社会高速发展，工业安全及人们出行方式发生巨大改变，同时人口老龄化提前到来，TBI疾病谱也已发生极大变化，了解我国TBI的流行病学特点和变化趋势对TBI的预防和救治至关重要。本文将主要对我国TBI流行病学特点和目前TBI救治存在的部分问题等方面进行综述，以期为今后的TBI预防、救治和研究提供参考和依据。

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has always been one of the public health problems that seriously affect human health all over the world, especially severe TBI, which seriously affects the prognosis of patients and brings heavy burden to their families and the society. As the largest developing country and the country with the largest population, the number of TBI patients in China is far more than that in other countries. However, China has a vast territory, complex disease characteristics and a imbalance of distribution in medical resources, so it is particularly important to understand the epidemiological data of TBI in China. With the rapid development of modern society, both industrial safety and people’s travel mode have undergone great changes. Meanwhile, the aging of population has come in advance, and the disease spectrum of TBI has also undergone great changes. Understanding the epidemiological characteristics and changing trend of China’s TBI is of vital importance for the prevention and treatment. This paper will mainly summarize the epidemiological characteristics and the existing problems in the treatment of TBI in China, so as to provide reference and basis for the prevention, treatment and research of TBI in the future.