分析内蒙古自治区人民医院近年来多发性硬化（MS）患者的诊疗情况，并探讨影响预后的相关因素。

收集中国罕见病联盟MSNMOBase系统中内蒙古自治区人民医院自2022年1月至2024年10月收治的MS患者的临床资料，将发病年龄≥18岁的患者分为青年组（18~44岁）及中老年组（≥45岁），比较2组患者的一般资料（包括性别、民族、首次发病年龄、疾病分型）、发病临床表现及特点，统计疾病修正治疗（DMT）药物治疗情况，对末次随访日常生活活动能力（ADL）评分进行相关性分析，探讨影响患者预后的相关因素。

（1）一般资料：本组共纳入89例患者，其中3例未成年患者不参与分组，青年组68例，中老年组18例，2组患者的性别、民族、发病年龄、疾病分型、首发症状、病灶累及情况、EDSS评分累及功能情况、末次随访EDSS评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），发病到确诊时间、首次起病EDSS评分、末次随访ADL评分比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。（2）DMT药物治疗情况：从确诊到接受DMT药物治疗的中位数时间为1个月；首次接受中效DMT药物者55例，其中43例复发，复发的中位数时间为24个月；首次接受高效DMT药物者25例，其中4例复发，复发间隔时间均较短。（3）末次随访ADL评分相关性分析：单因素线性回归分析显示，末次随访ADL评分与发病年龄、首次起病EDSS评分、末次随访EDSS评分、首发症状、确诊时间及DMT药物的选择均具有相关性；进一步多因素线性回归分析显示，首次起病EDSS评分、末次随访EDSS评分及确诊时间与末次随访ADL评分存在相关性。

（1）不同年龄MS患者的疾病特征差异主要体现在发病至确诊时长、首发EDSS评分及末次随访ADL评分；（2）末次随访ADL评分与发病到确诊时间的长短及首次发病症状的轻重高度相关。

To analyze the diagnosis and treatment status of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital in recent years, and explore the related factors affecting prognosis.

Clinical data of MS patients diagnosed in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital from January 2022 to October 2024 were collected from the MSNMOBase system of the China Rare Disease Alliance. Patients with onset age ≥18 years were divided into a young group (18-44 years old) and a middle-aged and elderly group (≥45 years old). General information (including gender, ethnicity, age of first onset, disease classification), clinical manifestations and characteristics of the two groups of patients were compared, and the drug treatment status of disease modifying therapy (DMT) was statistically analyzed. Correlation analysis was conducted on the activity of daily living (ADL) scores at the last follow-up to explore the factors affecting patient prognosis.

(1) General information: A total of 89 patients were included in this group, including 3 underage patients who did not participate in the grouping. There were 68 cases in the young group and 18 cases in the middle-aged and elderly group. The differences in gender, ethnicity, age of onset, disease type, initial symptoms, lesion involvement, EDSS score involvement function, and last EDSS score between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). However, the differences in the time from onset to diagnosis, first onset EDSS score, and last follow-up ADL score were statistically significant (P<0.05). (2) DMT drug treatment status: The median time from diagnosis to receiving DMT drug treatment is 1 month; 55 cases received intermediate efficacy DMT medication for the first time, of which 43 cases relapsed, with a median recurrence time of 24 months; 25 cases received high-efficiency DMT medication for the first time, of which 4 cases relapsed, with short recurrence intervals. (3) Correlation analysis of last follow-up ADL score: Univariate linear regression analysis showed that the last follow-up ADL score was correlated with age of onset, first onset EDSS score, last follow-up EDSS score, initial symptoms, diagnosis time, and choice of DMT medication; Further multivariate linear regression analysis showed that there was a correlation between the initial onset EDSS score, last follow-up EDSS score, and diagnosis time with the last follow-up ADL score.

(1) The differences in the disease characteristics of MS patients of different ages are mainly reflected in the duration from onset to diagnosis, the first EDSS score, and the ADL score at the last follow-up; (2) The ADL score at the last follow-up is highly correlated with the length of time from onset to diagnosis and the severity of symptoms at the first onset.