大语言模型（LLM）作为一种自然语言处理技术，目前已广泛应用于临床病历书写。LLM可以快速地将复杂冗长甚至十分凌乱的询问记录归纳整理，将无序的叙述转变为结构化的学术性语言，生成基本合乎规范的病史记录。创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是神经外科常见急症，LLM的出现为TBI的病史书写带来重大变革，可显著提高临床医生的工作效率，并能快速建立个体化的治疗方案。LLM作为新生事物，在临床应用时可能遇到各种问题，在临床伦理、法规等方面需要同步研究推进。本文汇总了近期发表的相关文献，并就LLM在协助完成TBI临床文书方面的优势、应用前景以及目前存在的问题展开综述。

The large language model (LLM), as a natural language processing technique, has been widely used in clinical medical record writing. The application of LLM can quickly summarize and organize complex, lengthy, and even very messy inquiry records, transforming unordered narratives into structured academic language, and generating basically standardized medical history records. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common emergency in neurosurgery, and the emergence of LLM may bring significant changes to the medical history of TBI, significantly improving the work efficiency of clinical doctors and enabling the rapid establishment of personalized treatment plans. As a new tool of artificial intelligence, LLM may encounter various problems in clinical application, and requires synchronous research and promotion in clinical ethics, regulations, and other aspects. This article summarizes recent published literature and provides a review of the advantages, application prospects, and current issues of LLM in assisting in the completion of TBI clinical documents.