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中华神经创伤外科电子杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (06) : 350 -354. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2023.06.006

临床研究

老年重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝患者预后不良的危险因素分析
沈汉超, 何炯周, 田君, 魏梁锋, 王守森()   
  1. 350025 福州,福建医科大学福总临床医学院(第九〇〇医院)神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-02 出版日期:2023-12-15
  • 通信作者: 王守森

Analysis of risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly patients with severe brain injury complicated with cerebral hernia

Hanchao Shen, Jiongzhou He, Jun Tian, Liangfeng Wei, Shousen Wang()   

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, The 900th Hospital, Fujian Medical University Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fuzhou 350025, China
  • Received:2023-02-02 Published:2023-12-15
  • Corresponding author: Shousen Wang
  • Supported by:
    The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force(2020Z04)
引用本文:

沈汉超, 何炯周, 田君, 魏梁锋, 王守森. 老年重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝患者预后不良的危险因素分析[J]. 中华神经创伤外科电子杂志, 2023, 09(06): 350-354.

Hanchao Shen, Jiongzhou He, Jun Tian, Liangfeng Wei, Shousen Wang. Analysis of risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly patients with severe brain injury complicated with cerebral hernia[J]. Chinese Journal of Neurotraumatic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 09(06): 350-354.

目的

探讨老年重型颅脑损伤(sTBI)合并脑疝患者预后不良的危险因素。

方法

回顾性分析福建医科大学福总临床医学院神经外科和仓山院区神经外科收治的231例老年sTBI合并脑疝患者的临床资料。根据GOS评分将患者分为预后良好组和预后不良组,分析影响患者预后的相关因素,采用二元Logistic回归分析法筛选预后不良的独立危险因素。

结果

231例患者中,预后良好组106例,预后不良组125例。2组患者的年龄、性别、入院GCS评分、查尔森共病指数(CCI)、瞳孔反射异常、环池消失、术中并发脑膨出、中线结构移位、血氧饱和度<90%的占比比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,年龄>70岁、CCI≥2分、环池消失、血氧饱和度<90%、术中并发脑膨出是患者预后不良的独立危险因素。

结论

年龄>70岁、CCI≥2分、环池消失、血氧饱和度<90%、术中并发脑膨出是老年sTBI合并脑疝患者预后不良的独立危险因素。临床上应充分考虑这些危险因素,及时采取有效措施,改善患者预后。

Objective

To investigate the risk factors of poor prognosis in elderly patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) complicated with cerebral hernia.

Methods

The clinical data of 231 elderly patients with sTBI complicated with cerebral hernia were retrospectively analyzed, which were admitted to Neurosurgery Department of Fujian Medical University Fuzong Clinical Medical College and Neurosurgery Department of Cangshan Campus of Fujian Medical University. According to GOS score, the patients were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group. The relevant factors affecting prognosis were screened out, and the independent risk factors affecting prognosis were found by binary Logistic regression analysis.

Results

Among the 231 patients, 106 had a good prognosis and 125 had a poor prognosis. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients in terms of age, gender, admission GCS score, Chalson comorbidity index (CCI), abnormal pupil reflex, disappearance of cisterna ambiens, intraoperative encephalocele, midline shift, and blood oxygen saturation<90% (P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age >70 years old, CCI≥2 points, disappearance of the cisterna ambiens, blood oxygen saturation<90%, and intraoperative encephalocele were independent risk factors for poor prognosis.

Conclusion

Age>70 years old, CCI≥2 points, disappearance of the cisterna ambiens, blood oxygen saturation<90%, and intraoperative encephalocele are independent risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly patients with sTBI complicated with cerebral hernia. Clinically, these risk factors of poor prognosis should be fully considered and effective measures should be taken to improve the prognosis in time.

表1 2组老年sTBI合并脑疝患者的临床资料比较[例(%)]
Tab.1 Comparison of clinical data between two groups of elderly patients with sTBI complicated with cerebral hernia [n(%)]
因素 总数(n=231) 预后良好组(n=106) 预后不良组(n=125) χ2 P
年龄(岁)       15.202 <0.001
60~70 155(67.1) 85(54.8) 70(45.2)    
>70 76(32.9) 21(27.6) 55(72.4)    
性别       6.620 0.010
179(77.5) 74(41.3) 105(58.7)    
52(22.5) 32(61.5) 20(38.5)    
损伤类型       1.911 0.385
交通事故伤 120(51.9) 54(45.0) 66(55.0)    
摔倒 95(41.1) 47(49.5) 48(50.5)    
高处坠落伤 16(7.0) 5(31.2) 11(68.8)    
入院GCS评分(分)       60.151 <0.001
3~5 133(57.6) 32(24.1) 101(75.9)    
6~8 98(42.4) 74(75.5) 24(24.5)    
CCI(分)       13.442 <0.001
<2 157(68.0) 85(54.1) 72(45.9)    
≥2 74(32.0) 21(28.4) 53(71.6)    
出血类型       4.897 0.086
以硬膜下血肿为主 162(70.1) 79(48.8) 83(51.2)    
以硬膜外血肿为主 12(5.2) 7(58.3) 5(41.7)    
以脑挫裂伤和(或)脑内血肿为主 57(24.7) 19(33.3) 38(66.7)    
瞳孔反射异常       85.242 <0.001
单侧 134(58.0) 96(71.6) 38(28.4)    
双侧 97(42.0) 10(10.3) 87(89.7)    
环池消失       87.653 <0.001
104(45.0) 83(79.8) 21(20.2)    
127(55.0) 23(18.1) 104(81.9)    
血氧饱和度<90%       73.186 <0.001
148(64.1) 99(66.9) 49(33.1)    
83(35.9) 7(8.4) 76(91.6)    
术中并发脑膨出       82.202 <0.001
138(59.7) 97(70.3) 41(29.7)    
93(40.3) 9(9.7) 84(90.3)    
中线结构移位(cm)       78.327 <0.001
≤1 121(52.4) 89(73.6) 32(26.4)    
>1 110(47.6) 17(15.5) 93(84.5)    
表2 老年sTBI合并脑疝患者预后不良的二元Logistic回归分析
Tab.2 Binary Logistic regression analysis of poor prognosis in older patients with severe traumatic brain injury complicated with cerebral hernia
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