通过颈总动脉和颈外动脉两种栓塞途径插入线栓在小鼠身上建立短暂性大脑中动脉栓塞（MCAO）模型，比较分析两种模型实验动物的术后存活率、行为学、梗死体积、脑水肿程度以及神经细胞凋亡情况，从而筛选出更为可行有效的脑梗死模型建立方法。

42只C57BL/6雄性小鼠，体质量20~22 g，按照随机数字表法分为假手术组（6只）、MCAO模型颈外动脉插线组（18只，颈外组）、MCAO模型颈总动脉插线组（18只，颈总组）。颈外组从颈外动脉剪口插入线栓栓塞大脑中动脉起始部制备小鼠大脑中动脉栓塞模型，颈总组从颈总动脉剪口插入线栓栓塞大脑中动脉起始部制备小鼠大脑中动脉栓塞模型，假手术组结扎与模型组同侧颈总动脉相同，但不插入线栓。颈外组和颈总组缺血1 h、假手术组颈总动脉结扎1 h，其后拔出线栓解除结扎，同时再灌注24 h，其后采用Longa神经功能评分，灌流取脑TTC染色，计算梗死体积并测出脑组织含水量，观察神经细胞凋亡情况，从而进行比较分析。

颈外组和颈总组小鼠均出现脑卒中表现、神经功能评分升高、出现脑水肿、有明显梗死体积以及神经细胞凋亡，假手术组未出现与之相对的明显表征。颈总组与颈外组相比，梗死体积和脑水肿程度接近，神经细胞凋亡数量基本一致，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；颈总组相对颈外组，神经功能评分较高，死亡率较高，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。

两种栓塞途径所造成的脑梗死比较结果一致，但考虑到部分实验需要长期给药观察，颈外动脉栓塞途径实验动物存活率更高，所以推荐采用颈外动脉插线方法制作大脑中动脉栓塞模型。

To establish a model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice by inserting monofilament through common carotid artery and external carotid artery embolization, and to compare and analyze the survival rate, behavior, infarct volume, brain edema degree and neuronal apoptosis of the two models. In order to select a more feasible and effective method for establishing cerebral infarction model.

Forty-two C57BL/6 male mice weighing 20-22 g were randomly divided into sham-operated group (6 mice, S-group), MCAO model external carotid artery catheterization group (18 mice, E-group) and MCAO model common carotid artery catheterization group (18 mice, C-group). E-group prepared a mice model of middle cerebral artery embolism from the beginning of middle cerebral artery embolization by inserting a monofilament embolism into the external carotid artery shear. C-group prepared a mice model of middle cerebral artery embolism from the beginning of middle cerebral artery embolization by inserting a monofilament embolism into the common carotid artery shear. The S- group was ligated with the ipsilateral common carotid artery of the model group, but no monofilament was inserted as the control group. After 1 h of ischemia in model group and 1 h of ligation in S-group, the ligation of common carotid artery was removed and the ligation was reperfused for 24 h. Later, Longa nerve function score was used and TTC staining was performed to calculate the infarction volume, measure the water content of brain tissue and observe the neuronal apoptosis, and then the comparative analysis was made.

In both E-group and C-group, apoplexy, elevated neurological function score, brain edema, obvious infarct volume and neuronal apoptosis were observed in all mice, while in S-group, there were no obvious manifestations. Compared with the E-group, the infarction volume and the degree of brain edema in both group was close, and the number of apoptotic neurons was basically the same. The difference has no statistical significance (P>0.05). Compared with the E-group, the C-group had a higher score of neurological function and a higher mortality rate, with statistical significance(P<0.05).

The results of cerebral infarction caused by two kinds of embolization are consistent, but considering that some experiments need long-term administration and observation, and the survival rate of experimental animals in E-group is higher, so it is recommended to use external carotid artery embolization method to make middle cerebral artery embolization model.