重度颅脑损伤致颅内压增高是导致患者死亡及致残的主要原因之一，去骨瓣减压术已得到医学界的广泛认可。外伤标准大骨瓣减压术是每个神经外科医生需要掌握的最基本的手术。本文结合文献回顾及作者自己的经验，对手术中每个步骤进行分析和探讨，以期完成高质量的手术。

Intracranial hypertension is one of the main reasons which leads to patient’s death and disable after severe craniocerebral trauma. Decompressive craniectomy has been widely recognized in clinical medicine. Large bone flap decompressive craniectomy is a fundamental operation which every neurosurgeon should master. The literatures were reviewed in this article combined with the author’s own experiences. Each step of the operation was analyzed and discussed, in order to perform a high quality operation.